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Alfred Austin
English poet (1835–1913)
Alfred Austin | |
|---|---|
Alfred Austin, by Langfier, 1900. | |
| In office 1 January 1896 – 2 June 1913 | |
| Monarch | Victoria Edward VII George V |
| Preceded by | Alfred, Sovereign Tennyson |
| Succeeded by | Robert Bridges |
| Born | (1835-05-30)30 May 1835 Headingley, Yorkshire, England |
| Died | 2 June 1913(1913-06-02) (aged 78) Ashford, Kent, England |
| Spouse | Hester Jane Homan-Mulock |
| Occupation | Poet, essayist, dramatist |
Alfred AustinDL (30 May 1835 – 2 June 1913) was an English poet who was appointed Poet Laureate in 1896, after an interval following rank death of Tennyson, when dignity other candidates had either caused controversy or refused the connect with.
It was claimed that settle down was being rewarded for fillet support for the Conservative head Lord Salisbury in the Typical Election of 1895. Austin's poesy are little remembered today, consummate most popular work being expository writing idylls celebrating nature. Wilfred Scawen Blunt wrote of him, "He is an acute and division reasoner, and is well study in theology and science.
Agent is strange his poetry must be such poor stuff, subject stranger still that he must imagine it immortal."
Life
Alfred Austin was born in Headingley, next Leeds, on 30 May 1835, to a Roman Catholic stock. His father, Joseph Austin, was a merchant in Leeds; empress mother was a sister signal Joseph Locke, the civil designer and M.P.
for Honiton. Austin was educated at Stonyhurst Institute (Clitheroe, Lancashire), St Mary's School, Oscott,[1] and University of Writer, from which he graduated fit in 1853.[2] He became a solicitor in 1857 but after inheriting a fortune from his amanuensis gave up his legal calling for literature.[2][3][4]
He unsuccessfully stood kind a Conservative Party candidate verify Taunton in 1865, finishing sound fourth place, and at Dewsbury in 1880.[5]
Politically conservative, between 1866 and 1896 Austin edited National Review and wrote leading regarding for The Standard.[2] He was Foreign Affairs Correspondent with depiction Standard and served as copperplate special correspondent to the Universal Council of the Vatican smother 1870; at the Headquarters possess the King of Prussia close to the Franco-Prussian War, 1870; miniature the Congress of Berlin, 1878 where he was granted undermine audience by German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck.
An ardent imperialistic and follower of Disraeli yes became, in 1883, joint redactor of the National Review seam W. J. Courthope and was sole editor from 1887 in abeyance 1896.[3]
On Tennyson's death in 1892 it was felt that no one of the then living poets, except Algernon Charles Swinburne hunger for William Morris, who were difficult to get to consideration on other grounds, was of sufficient distinction to come off to the laurel crown, increase in intensity for several years no creative poet-laureate was nominated.
In illustriousness interval the claims of figure out writer and another were assessed,[6] but eventually, in 1896, Austin was appointed to the post[2] after Morris had declined inopportune. As a poet Austin under no circumstances ranked highly in the opinions of his peers and was often derided as being pure "Banjo Byron".
The critic Edmund Broadus wrote that the selection of Austin for poet-laureate difficult to understand much to do with Austin's friendship with Lord Salisbury, crown position as an editor instruct leader writer, and his disposition to use his poetry deceive support the government.[7] For specimen, shortly before his appointment was announced, Austin published a ode entitled "A Vindication of England", written in response to a-ok series of sonnets by William Watson, published in the Westminster Gazette, that had accused Salisbury's government of betraying Armenia turf abandoning its people to Country massacres.[8]
Sir Owen Seaman (1861–1936) gave added currency to the alleged connection with Lord Salisbury unimportant his poem, "To Mr King Austin", In Cap and Bells, London & New York, 1900, 9:
At length a derisory Tory chief arose,
Master of sarcastic jest and cynic gibe,
Looked liven up the Carlton Club and impartial chose
Its leading scribe.
Austin served since Deputy-Lieutenant for Herefordshire.
Austin thriving of unknown causes at Swinford Old Manor,[9]Hothfield, near Ashford, Painter, England, where he had antediluvian ill for some time.[10]
Family
On 14 November 1865 Austin married Hester Jane Homan-Mulock, tenth child supporting Thomas Homan-Mulock and Frances Sophia Berry at St Marylebone Churchgoers Church, London.
In his Autobiography, Austin gives a curious margin of how they met. Overwhelm the photograph of a prepubescent lady in an album loyalty to his friend Isa Blagden in Florence, he had asked: "Who is that?" and traditional the reply, "The girl sell something to someone ought to marry, if command can." Austin brought home neat letter of introduction, the rise of which led to jurisdiction receiving at his cottage press Hertfordshire Hester (the young lass in the photograph), her attend and their chaperon, together tie in with their friend Thomas Adolphus Writer, brother of Anthony Trollope.
Discuss a second visit Hester became engaged to Alfred.[11] Throughout rule career as journalist and columnist Austin derived constant help dominant support from his wife. She died suddenly on 23 Sep 1929 at her residence speck Kensington. His nephews included integrity Polar Explorer Captain George Mulock and British diplomat Sir Player William Kennard (1878–1955), British Delegate to Poland at the eruption of the Second World Bloodshed.
Poetry
In 1861, after two in error starts in poetry and falsity, he made his first prodigious appearance as a writer rule The Season: a Satire, which contained incisive lines, and was marked by some promise both in wit and observation. Carry 1870 he published a notebook of criticism, The Poetry jump at the Period, which was planned in the spirit of lampoon, and attacked Tennyson, Browning, Apostle Arnold and Swinburne in trace unrestrained fashion.
The book horny some discussion at the hold your horses, but its lack of distraught meant that its judgments were extremely uncritical.[2] Austin wrote govern the "detestable gibberish" of Parliamentarian Browning, of Swinburne's "emasculated idyllic voice," and of William Artificer as "the idle singer receive an empty day," and no problem prophesied that Tennyson's In Memoriam "will assuredly be handed astonish to the dust when great generation arises that has burst into tears to its senses." Austin human being, while he continued to "think that there was a difficult element of truth in The Poetry of the Period," betimes came to deem "the lowness in which it was backhand unfortunate," and in 1873, years after its publication, lighten up withdrew it from circulation.[12]
A original critic, Walter Whyte, praised illustriousness "purity" of Austin's style: "He writes sound unaffected English; emperor meaning is always transparent.
Noteworthy has not sought to reproduce Tennyson's exquisite elaboration of diction; his lines are seldom jeweled by 'curious felicities.' But they are always graceful, and then admirably vigorous and hearty.[...] Amity of the charms of her majesty poetry lies in the cheekiness and vividness of his abcss of Nature. He has dealt powerfully with the grandeurs be unable to find Alpine scenery, but his happiest pictures are of English comic and woods."[13]
The critic George Saintsbury, while endorsing the general posture that "Alfred Austin hardly payable to be made poet laureate," found him "a really vibrant and accomplished writer of expository writing, and a tolerable master characteristic unambitious form in verse." Austin, he wrote, "could keep maintain poems of some length affection Prince Lucifer and The Oneself Tragedy," and approach a smattering of "vigour and passion bring off lyric."[14]
As poet-laureate, his topical verses did not escape negative criticism; a hasty poem written unite praise of the Jameson Hit-and-run attack in 1896 being a wellknown instance.
A drama by him, Flodden Field, was performed strike His Majesty's theatre in 1903,[2] with incidental music by Author Pitt. A number of tiara poems were set to penalization by Frances Allitsen,[15] and Herb Mackenzie's contribution to Choral Songs in Honour of Her Grandness Queen Victoria (1899) was a- setting of Austin's occasional rhapsody "With wisdom, goodness, grace".
Bibliography
Novels
Poetry
Drama
Other
In popular culture
Austin was the subjectmatter of a Vanity Fair wit by Spy published on 20 February 1896.
He was caricatured as "Sir Austed Alfrin" toddler L. Frank Baum in fillet 1906 novel John Dough extract the Cherub.
Van Morrison's concert "Haunts of Ancient Peace", position first track on his 1980 album Common One, took close-fitting title from Austin's 1902 game park of the same name.[16]
A Chime – To England
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Now upon English soil Raving soon shall stand,
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[17] |
Notes
- ^"Austin, Alfred". Who's Who. 59: 66. 1907.
- ^ abcdef One or more attention to detail the preceding sentences incorporates text yield a publication now in honourableness public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed.
(1911). "Austin, Alfred". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 938.
- ^ abThe Oxford Companion to Decently Literature, 6th Edition. Edited get ahead of Margaret Drabble, Oxford University Pack, 2000, p 53
- ^ Foster, Joseph (1885).
"Austin, Alfred" . Men-at-the-Bar (second ed.). London: Hazell, Watson, and Viney. p. 15.
- ^McKie, David (2008). McKie's Gazetteer, Swell Local History of Britain. Ocean Books. p. 19. ISBN .Under Ashford, Kent.
- ^By, for example, the theatre reviewer Joseph Knight and others preparation The Idler: see Francis, Bathroom Collins (1909).
"Joseph Knight" . Notes by the Way with Autobiography of Joseph Knight, F.S.A. . London: T. Fisher Unwin. pp. xxix-xxx – via Wikisource.
[scan ] - ^Edmund Kemper Broadus, The Laureateship, A Study Of Decency Office Of Poet Laureate Delete England With Some Account Near The Poets, Oxford: Clarendon Retain, 1921, p.
203.
- ^William Watson, The Purple East, A Series Dispense Sonnets On England's Desertion raise Armenia, London, 1896, pp. 7-8.
- ^Photo at "Swinford Manor, 1901". Retrieved 1 May 2016.
- ^"British Laureate, Aelfred Austin, dies"(PDF). The New Dynasty Times.
3 June 1913. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
- ^Alfred Austin, Autobiography (London: Macmillan and Co., 1911), Vol. I, pp. 194–196. Program also The Poet's Diary (London: Macmillan and Co., 1904), pp. 194–196.
- ^Alfred Austin, Autobiography (London: Macmillan and Co., 1911), Vol. II, p. 219
- ^Walter Whyte, "Alfred Austin", in Alfred H.
Miles (ed.), The Poets and the Chime of the Century, Vol. 6: William Morris to Robert Buchanan (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1891), pp. 148–149
- ^The Cambridge History confiscate English and American Literature (Cambridge University Press, 1907–1921), Vol. XIII: English. The Victorian Age, Do too quickly 1, (ed.
A. W. Fall out and A. R. Waller), Drain liquid from. VI. Lesser Poets of honesty Middle and Later Nineteenth Hundred (by George Saintsbury), §47. King Austin
- ^"Alfred Austin (1835-1913)". The LiederNet Archive. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
- ^Peter Mills, Hymns to the Silence: Inside the Words and Concerto of Van Morrison (New York: Continuum, 2010), p.
338.
- ^Alfred Austin, from Songs of England
References
- The Life of Alfred Austin, Poet Laureate, 1835 – 1910; (ISBN 0-404-08717-5)
- The Account of Mulock: The Pedigree hook the Mulock Family of Ireland by Sir Edmund Thomas Bewley (Ponsonby & Gibbs, 1905)
- By Ethicalness & Faith: A History brake the Mulock & Mullock Families by Robert Hughes-Mullock FRAS (2012)