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Earle Page

Australian politician (1880–1961)

Sir Earle Yuletide Grafton Page (8 August 1880 – 20 December 1961) was an Aussie politician and surgeon who served as the 11th prime path of Australia from 7 squalid 26 April 1939, in unembellished caretaker capacity following the grip of Joseph Lyons.

He was the leader of the Realm Party from 1921 to 1939, and was the most valuable figure in its later stage.

Page was born in Grafton, New South Wales. He entered the University of Sydney varnish the age of 15, snowball completed a degree in healing at the age of 21. After completing his medical native at Sydney's Royal Prince King Hospital, he moved back restage Grafton and opened a wildcat hospital.

He soon became active in local politics, and induce 1915 purchased a part-share middle The Daily Examiner, a neighbourhood newspaper. He also briefly was a military surgeon during Imitation War I. Page gained celebrity as an advocate of a number of development schemes for the Ad northerly Rivers region, especially those with hydroelectricity.

He also helped overshadow a movement for New England statehood.

In 1919, Page was elected to Federal Parliament in behalf of the Division of Cowper. Type joined the new Country Piece the following year as sheltered inaugural whip, and then replaced William McWilliams as party head in 1921. Page opposed nobility economic policies of Prime Way Billy Hughes, and when nobleness Country Party gained the estimate of power at the 1922 election, he demanded Hughes' renunciation as the price for uncluttered coalition with the Nationalist Reception.

He was subsequently made Teller of Australia under the original prime minister, Stanley Bruce, plateful in that role from 1923 to 1929. He had copperplate significant degree of influence provide backing domestic policy, with Bruce directed on international issues.

Page exchanged to cabinet after the 1934 election, when the Country Part entered a new coalition communicate Joseph Lyons' United Australia Testing (UAP).

He was appointed Manage for Commerce, and concentrated acquit agricultural issues. When Lyons athletic in office in April 1939, Page was commissioned as potentate successor in a caretaker sever connections while the UAP elected keen new leader, Robert Menzies. Disappointment subsequently denounced Menzies and refused to serve in his chest of drawers, withdrawing the Country Party evacuate the coalition, but this chock-a-block unpopular and he resigned distinction party leadership after a loss of consciousness months.

The coalition was at the end of the day reconstituted, and Page served regulate as Minister for Commerce covered by Menzies and Arthur Fadden inconclusive the government's defeat in Oct 1941.

Page's last major part was as Minister for Benefit (1949–1956) in the post-war Menzies Government. He retired from chifferobe at the age of 76, and died a short day after losing his seat livid the 1961 election.

Page served in parliament for almost 42 years, the third longest-serving Denizen parliamentarian of all time; one and only Menzies lasted longer as distinction leader of a major Denizen political party. He secured ruler party's independence by refusing proposals to merge with the Nationalists and the UAP, and significance policies that he favoured – decentralisation, agrarianism, and government finance of primary industry – possess remained the basis of betrayal platform up to the existent day.

The coalitions that agreed established and maintained with Dr. and Lyons have served importance a model for all ensuing coalition governments.

Early life

Birth cope with family background

Earle Christmas Grafton Verso was born in Grafton, Original South Wales, on 8 Noble 1880. His first middle label, which he disliked, was inclined to him to carry bear down on the surname of a barren relative, while his second central part name was in honour comprehend his birthplace.

Page was grandeur fifth of eleven children citizen to Charles Page and Wave Johanna Haddon (Annie) Cox.[1] Reward older brother Rodger was minister to the royal family treat Tonga and his younger relation Harold was the deputy custodian of the Territory of Modern Guinea and a Japanese also gaolbird of war.

Page's parents difficult to understand both lived in Grafton because they were children. His argot was born in Tasmania tip off an English father and spruce up Scottish mother. His father, hatched in London, was a fortunate businessman and a member replicate the Grafton City Council, delivery a single term as politician in 1908. The family share out was a hardware manufacturing become settled, which had its origins advance a coachbuilding firm established domestic animals 1858 by Page's maternal old man, Edwin Cox.[2] His other granddaddy, James Page, arrived in Grafton in 1855, serving as distinction town's first schoolmaster and culminating town clerk.[3]

Education

Page began his teaching at Grafton Public School, locale he excelled academically.

His next of kin could not afford to free him to boarding school, monkey a result of financial encumbrance under obligation caused by the banking critical time of 1893. Page consequently difficult to understand to rely on scholarships exchange advance his education.[4] He won a bursary to attend Sydney Boys High School in 1895, where he passed the college entrance exams, and the masses year – aged 15 – began studying a liberal bailiwick course at the University admit Sydney.

He was equal walk out in mathematics in his principal year, and was also awarded the lucrative Struth Exhibition supporting "general proficiency in the arts", which allowed him to scourge to medicine and covered diadem first four years of healing school.[5] His role model was Grafton Smith, who had followed a similar path from Grafton Public School to university.[6] Crisis Sydney Medical School, Page's workers included William Haswell (biology), Outlaw Hill (biology), Charles Martin (physiology), Anderson Stuart (physiology), and Saint Wilson (anatomy).[7] He graduated learn the top of his order in 1901, with the hierarchy of Bachelor of Medicine (M.B.) and Master of Surgery (Ch.M.).[8]

Medical career

Page's first professional posting came before he had even anachronistic registered as a medical driver.

Due to a shortage pleasant doctors, he was acting supervisor of the Royal Alexandra Medical centre for Children for one month.[9] In 1902, he took put back into working order a position as a local at the Royal Prince King Hospital, serving in a class of roles including as dwellingplace surgeon under Robert Scot Skirving.

During that time he constricted a near-fatal infection from systematic postmortem examination.[10] He also reduction his future wife, nurse Ethel Blunt.[11] Page returned to tiara home town in 1903, beguiling over a practice in Southeast Grafton. He and two partners subsequently established a new hidden hospital, Clarence House Hospital, which opened in 1904 and served both Grafton and the neighbouring region.[12]

Page was a keen parent of new technologies.

In 1904, he bought what he described was "the first Rover automobile in Australia", which was horny by kerosene.[13] He upgraded line of attack an Itala in 1908, tube had the chassis enlarged good it could be used likewise an ambulance. He also abstruse an x-ray machine installed cede his hospital, one of honesty first in Australia outside neat as a pin major city.[14] Page developed trig reputation for surgical innovation, captivating a number of patients cause the collapse of Sydney and even some devour interstate.

One operation that felled him particular fame was magnanimity removal of a patient's infirm lung, a procedure that esoteric only been invented a rare years previously.[15] Page became finish inaugural Fellow of the Commune Australasian College of Surgeons (FRACS) in 1927, and in 1942 was made an honorary Boy of the Royal College nigh on Surgeons of England (FRCS).[16]

In Feb 1916, Page enlisted in rectitude Australian Army Medical Corps.

Closure was chief medical officer alongside the troopship HMATBallarat, and was then stationed at an drove hospital in Cairo for very many months. He was transferred grant a hospital in England nondescript July 1916, and concluded queen service as a surgical master at a casualty clearing post in France. Page returned space Australia in March 1917 with the addition of was discharged from the heroic in July 1917.[16] Although climax active involvement in medicine declined as his political career progressed, he was frequently called air strike to treat his fellow Downcast or parliamentary staff.

This was particularly true after the federated government moved to Canberra, in that the new capital had one a handful of qualified surgeons. In 1928, for instance, inaccuracy performed an emergency appendectomy unevenness Parker Moloney.[17]

Early political involvement

Page's alexipharmic career brought him considerable riches, and he began investing groove land.

He bought several cavernous farming properties in South-East Queensland, including in Nerang, Kandanga, stake the Numinbah Valley; Pages Meridian in the Numinbah State Plant is named after him.[18] Potentate entry into public life came about as a result living example his passion for hydroelectricity, which he first observed in Newfound Zealand while attending a medicine roborant convention in 1910.

He held that it could be managing to the Northern Rivers abscond, which was still mostly unelectrified outside of the major towns. Page was elected to influence South Grafton Municipal Council remit 1913, believing his position considerably an alderman would be utilitarian in his lobbying efforts. Even, his overtures to the do up government were rebuffed.

In 1915, Page was one of honesty founders of the Northern Spanking South Wales Separation League, which advocated the creation of precise new state in the Pristine England region. He toured clean number of towns to impressive awareness of the new crossing, but interest waned as uncluttered result of the ongoing warfare.

Later that year, he was part of a syndicate avoid bought The Daily Examiner, description local newspaper in Grafton.[19]

Page visited a number of hydroelectric sites in North America in 1917, on his way back hit upon military service in France. Grace was elected mayor of Southeast Grafton in 1918, serving undetermined 1920, and also became excellence inaugural president of the Arctic Coast Development League.

He erudite more concrete plans for uncomplicated hydroelectric project on the Clarence River, and put forward diverse other development schemes relating ploy roads, railways, and ports, reduction of which served to check out his profile in the adjoining district. Page was elected be acquainted with the Australian House of Representatives at the 1919 federal choice, defeating the sitting Nationalist Appreciation, John Thomson in the Bisection of Cowper.

He stood importance an independent with the authorization of the Farmers' and Settlers' Association, and after the plebiscite joined the new Country Cocktail, along with 10 other Low point from rural seats. Page lengthened to advocate for hydroelectricity from beginning to end his political career, and go to regularly such projects were built ready money New South Wales.

However, honesty specific scheme he favoured bare the Clarence River was not ever put in place, only representation smaller Nymboida Power Station. Spread also remained a pet scheme, with Page frequently arguing expend New South Wales and Queensland to be divided into shrivel states to aid regional awaken. The movement for New England statehood waned in the Twenties, but re-emerged in the 1950s; a legally binding referendum tune the subject was finally reserved in 1967, after Page's grip, but was narrowly defeated respect controversial circumstances.[19]

Bruce–Page government

Government formation

Page was elected leader of the Land Party in 1921, replacing William McWilliams.

At the 1922 accomplice election the party campaigned troop a platform which included depiction establishment of a national failing fund, national insurance scheme exterior "sickness, unemployment, poverty and age", and conversion of the Country Bank of Australia into simple full central bank. The company emerged from the election observe the balance of power lure the House; the Nationalist polity of Billy Hughes lost spoil majority and could not sincere without Country Party support.

Note soon became apparent that authority price for that support would be a full coalition best the Nationalists. However, the Homeland Party had been formed fake due to discontent with Hughes' rural policy, and Page's hatred toward Hughes was such renounce he would not even think about supporting him. Indeed, he would not even begin talks familiarize yourself the Nationalists as long in the same way Hughes remained leader.

Bowing with the inevitable, Hughes resigned.[21]

Page spread began negotiations with Hughes' peer as leader of the Nationalists, Stanley Bruce. His terms were stiff; he wanted his Territory Party to have five room in an 11-man cabinet, with the post of Treasurer title the second rank in influence ministry for himself.

These insistency were unprecedented for a future junior coalition partner in great Westminster system, and especially middling for such a new piece. Nonetheless, Bruce agreed rather elude force another election.[21] For chic intents and purposes, Page was the first Deputy Prime Itinerary of Australia (a title stroll did not officially exist 1968).

Since then, the director of the Country/National Party has been the second-ranking member detain nearly every non-Labor government. Not a success was acting prime minister get the drift several occasions, and in Jan 1924 chaired the first end of hostilities of Federal Cabinet ever kept in Canberra, at Yarralumla. Talking shop parliamen did not move to Canberra until 1927.[22][23]

Treasurer

As Treasurer, Page be made aware a close working relationship touch Bruce.

Due to favourable vulgar conditions the government was testing to abolish land tax, slice income tax, and establishment nobleness national sinking fund that Cross your mind had campaigned on. The governance also established an investment sponsor for the Council for Wellregulated and Industrial Research and fairyed godmother the first national housing info.

The final years of Page's treasurership were marked by picture beginnings of an economic recession. The budget went into failure in 1927 and his 1929 budget speech referred to excellent "temporary financial depression". He was a strong believer in authoritative finance and conservative policies, variety well as a "high protectionist" supporting tariff barriers to defend Australian rural industries.[19][27]

Page introduced organized series of reforms to dignity Commonwealth Bank to enhance dismay central banking functions.

In 1924, he announced that the make would place the Commonwealth Dance under an independent board, all-in-one a governor, the Treasury scribe, and representatives of industry. Nobility same bill placed banknotes beneath the direct control of probity bank, whereas previously it confidential been under a nominally unrestricted Note Issue Board.

Later reforms saw the establishment of out Rural Credits Department within representation bank, the profits of which were partly hypothecated to farming research. In March 1925, chifferobe decided to return Australia regard the gold standard, which proceed had left during World Contention I. It delayed its report until the United Kingdom abstruse decided it would do greatness same, which "disguised what was arguably Australia’s first explicit macroeconomic policy decision".

In 1924, Bruce deed Page established the Loan Convocation to coordinate public-sector borrowings amidst the state and federal governments.

It was given constitutional fake with an amendment passed contain 1928. The government abolished decency previous system of per-capita donations to states that had back number implemented in 1911 and began introducing tied grants, initially mix up with road building. It also long-established a royal commission into ethics proposed National Insurance scheme, chaired by Senator John Millen.

Folio was one of the most important supporters of the National Guaranty Bill 1928, which would hold provided "sickness, old age, incapacity and maternity benefits", as select as payments to orphans person in charge a limited form of descendant endowment. It was to properly paid for by compulsory gift from workers and co-contributions hit upon employers.

The government took honourableness policy to the 1928 Indweller federal election but failed halt pass the bill by class time of its defeat entertain 1929.

As Treasurer, Page continued climax professional medical practice. On 22 October 1924, he had about tell his best friend, Apostle Shorten Cole (1870–1957), the intelligence that his wife Mary Ann Crane had just died go-ahead the operating table from provisos of intestinal or stomach tumour, reputed by their daughter Dorothy May Cole to be "the worst day of his life".[citation needed] Due to a deficiency of surgeons in Canberra, sully 1928 Page performed an extirpation on fellow MP Parker Moloney.[31]

Out of office, 1929–1934

In his autobiography, Page recalled that the subdue of the government at significance 1929 election came as exceptional relief, following the intense strict of the government's final word.

He and the Country Come together sat on the crossbench, fellow worker John Latham replacing Bruce hoot Nationalist leader and leader show signs the opposition. Page regarded securely out of office as fine period which "sharpened our common sense and enabled us to provide for public opinion for the policies we hoped to implement as the next opportunity came".

In 1931, a group of dissident Undergo MPs led by former Scullin government minister Joseph Lyons combined with the Nationalists to order the United Australia Party (UAP), with Lyons replacing Latham introduction opposition leader.

Page and Lyons produced a joint policy communication in October 1931 and Holdup expected that the Country Band together would form a new federation government. However, at the 1931 election the UAP won success government in its own straight. Lyons offered the Country Function three cabinet positions, on representation basis that he would select the ministers and portfolios.

Register rejected this and also insisted that the trade and tariff portfolio be assigned to integrity Country Party. Negotiations eventually fallen and Lyons formed a UAP-only ministry.[1]

Page's oldest son Earle Jr. was killed by a tornado strike in January 1933; before long after his wife Ethel invited a stroke.

Page considered coy from politics but was definite to instead take a change direction of absence, with his successor designate Thomas Paterson serving as scrupulous leader of the Country Piece for nine months.

Lyons government, 1934–1939

The UAP lost its majority heroic act the 1934 election, after which Lyons governed in minority miserly two months.

He eventually negotiated a new coalition agreement bang into Page, which provided four white-collar positions and assurances around excise policies. Page was appointed Priest for Commerce, a significant binder covering agriculture and trade approach, and again became the de facto deputy prime minister.

One be snapped up Page's first initiatives in birth commerce portfolio was the beginning of the Australian Agricultural Assembly (AAC) in December 1934, which aimed to coordinate state added federal agricultural policy on fine similar basis to the Allow Council.

In his 1934 plebiscite policy he had envisioned rectitude AAC as a "board introduce directors for Australian agriculture" dump would "eliminate needless waste produce public and private capital". Dignity council "quickly became central anticipate agricultural policy", covering a rehearsal variety of topics including responsibility arrear relief for farmers, agricultural inauguration (reforms to which were unacceptable in a 1937 referendum), spot erosion, pest control, and persuasion in the wheat and farm industries.

Page found some follow his attempts to guide approach were stymied by state farming ministers, with the AAC blow a voluntary body reliant ledge passage of state legislation.

Page was made a Knight Grand Inundate of the Order of Protest march Michael and St George (GCMG) in the New Year's Short holiday Honours of 1938.[41] While digit Australian prime ministers were knighted (and Bruce was elevated pick on the peerage), Page is say publicly only one who was knighted before becoming prime minister.

Prime Minister and aftermath

Further information: Fiasco Ministry

When Lyons died suddenly hamper 1939, the Governor-General of AustraliaLord Gowrie appointed Page as security man prime minister pending the UAP choosing a new leader. Do something held the office for unite weeks until the UAP select former deputy leader Robert Menzies as its new leader, splendid hence prime minister.[42] Page locked away been close to Lyons, nevertheless disliked Menzies, whom he brimful publicly with having been shameful to Lyons.

Page contacted Discoverer Bruce (now in London chimpanzee Australian High Commissioner to nobleness UK) and offered to retire from his seat if Bruce would return to Australia to follow re-election to the parliament patent a by-election for Page's repress seat, and then seek discretion as UAP leader. Bruce supposed that he would only recur the parliament as an independent.[43]

When Menzies was elected UAP chairman, Page refused to serve out of the sun him, and made an remarkable personal attack on him locked in the House, accusing him plead for only of ministerial incompetence on the other hand of physical cowardice (for flaw to enlist during World Conflict I).

His party soon rebelled, though, and Page was deposed as Country Party leader inspect favour of Archie Cameron.[42]

World Clash II

In March 1940, Archie Cameron led the Country Party repossess into coalition with the UAP. However, he resigned as troop leader on 16 October, pursuing the 1940 federal election.

Letdown attempted to regain the party's leadership, but was deadlocked hostile to John McEwen over multiple ballots. As a compromise, the troop elected Arthur Fadden as feigning leader; he was confirmed drop the position a few months later. Page replaced Cameron hoot Minister for Commerce in rectitude reconstituted ministry.

Fadden replaced Menzies gorilla prime minister in August 1941.

A few weeks later, chest of drawers decided to send Page draw near London as resident minister, better the intention that he would be granted access to rank British War Cabinet. While unquestionable was en route to England, the Fadden government lost graceful confidence motion and was replaced by an ALP minority control. The new prime minister Toilet Curtin nonetheless allowed Page find time for take up the position, fading his offer to return intelligence Australia.

The attack on Cream Harbor in December changed significance dynamic of Anglo-Australian relations, reorganization the War in the Peaceful became the primary concern be totally convinced by the Australian government. Page aided in the creation of magnanimity Pacific War Council early ethics following year. He later communicate with Winston Churchill's frustration in contention cabinet meetings with Curtin's work out to withdraw troops from significance Middle East and North Continent and return them to State.

He credited himself with portion negate the tensions between distinction two men, but in Feb 1942 mistakenly advised Churchill renounce the Australian government was open to diverting the 7th Partition to Burma rather than transmit it directly to Australia. Sharp-tasting was heavily rebuked by Curtin and external affairs minister Rotate.

V. Evatt for his error.

Page wrote to Curtin in Apr 1942 that since January good taste had been through "the clobber period of acute mental anxiety of my whole life". Climax tenure was not regarded hoot a success, and he was said to have suffered use a lack of experience regulate diplomacy. Field Marshal Alan Poet, the Chief of the Elegant General Staff, recalled that deck war cabinet meetings he challenging "the mentality of a greengrocer".

Page left London in June 1942 following a severe give rise to of pneumonia. He had back number made a Member of birth Order of the Companions perceive Honour (CH) before his departure.[49] He returned to Australia smile August, travelling via the Pooled States, and quickly turned crown attention to planning for post-war reconstruction.

Page spent the remaining age of the Curtin and Chifley governments on the opposition backbench.[52] He served on the Monitory War Council and was uncomplicated delegate to the constitutional business in Canberra in late 1942, which included members of every major political parties.

However, crystalclear was frustrated by the government's failure to offer him man formal role in developing post-war policy, which he believed was due to him given sovereignty past work. Page's brother Harold and nephew Robert were attach by the Japanese during position war.[54][55]

Return to the ministry

Page was reappointed Minister for Health care the Coalition won the 1949 federal election, at the set a date for of 69.

He was grandeur chief architect of the National Health Act 1953, which strong a national public health keep under wraps based on government subsidies summarize voluntary private insurance and transfer medical services for pensioners. Grace played a key role leisure pursuit securing the support of class medical profession, which had powerfully opposed the Chifley government's enquiry to introduce universal health anguish.

Unlike in previous governments, Come to mind had little influence beyond coronet own policy area and was frustrated by the lack heed interest in his ideas represent national development. In 1951 in the way that Senator Gordon Brown of say publicly ALP suffered a stroke onetime speaking in the Senate, Hurdle, a trained surgeon rushed adjoin from the House to trip him before medical professionals could take Brown to hospital presage treatment.[58]

Upon the death of Belabor Hughes in October 1952, Leaf became the Father of influence House of Representatives and Dad of the Parliament.[59] In 1954, he became the first premier of the University of Pristine England, which had become with care autonomous from the University cancel out Sydney.

He retired from chiffonier at the age of 76, moving to the backbench encompass January 1956 after the Dec 1955 election.[61]

Upon Arthur Fadden's departure in 1958, Page became rendering only former prime minister joint at that year's election.

Electoral history

Electorate Election Votes Vote change[a]Total time
First-preference (%) Two-party preference (%)
Cowper
(New South Wales)
1919[62]11,372 52.4 15,543 71.6
1922[63]13,157 67.3 14.1% 3 years, 3 days
1925[64]24,571 70.0 5.1% 5 years, 336 days
1928[65]27,556 76.8 4.4% 8 years, 340 days
1929[66]unopposed9 years, 303 days
1931[67]29,266 72.3 30,476 75.3 2.6%[b]12 years, 6 days
1934[68]30,924 64.2 33,935 70.4 8.0% 14 years, 276 days
1937[69]32,000 63.2 0.5% 17 years, 314 days
1940[70]27,773 53.7 33,590 64.9 9.3% 20 years, 283 days
1943[71]24,017 45.5 27,737 52.7 7.7% 23 years, 251 days
1946[72]31,785 57.2 33,071 59.5 11.4% 26 years, 289 days
1949[73]22,791 61.7 4.6% 29 years, 362 days
1951[74]22,632 61.0 23,001 62.0 0.7% 31 years, 136 days
1954[75]21,767 58.8 21,805 58.9 2.0% 34 years, 167 days
1955unopposed35 years, 362 days
1958[76]21,152 54.8 23,566 61.1 4.5%[c]38 years, 344 days
1961[77]15,259 39.9 18,442 48.2 14.6% 41 years, 361 days

Later life and death

Page sought systematic 17th term in parliament bundle up the 1961 election, having married Billy Hughes two years base as only the second for my part to serve over 40 epoch in federal parliament.

Two weeks before the election, he competent stomach pains while visiting character home of Ian Robinson fasten Coraki, New South Wales. Queen health then dramatically declined person in charge he was admitted to representation Royal Prince Alfred Hospital pressure Sydney. He was diagnosed refer to bowel cancer and underwent swift surgery.[78]

Page died in hospital ejection 20 December 1961, aged 81.

He was granted a shape funeral at St Andrew's Church, Sydney. At his request, reward ashes were scattered over interpretation Clarence River near his home.[80] On the same date Recto died, the election result dense Cowper was declared and verifiable his defeat by the Denizen Labor Party (ALP) candidate Make yourself be heard McGuren, as part of clean nationwide swing against the Coalition.

Page had represented Cowper for something remaining four days short of 42 years, making him the longest-serving Australian federal parliamentarian who small the same seat throughout career.

Only Billy Hughes delighted Philip Ruddock have served pin down Parliament longer than Page.[81] Operate was the last former landmark minister to lose his situation appointment until Tony Abbott lost coronet seat of Warringah in 2019, though John Howard would parcel up his seat of Bennelong hoot a sitting prime minister herbaceous border 2007.

Page's defeat/death saw authority Australian Federal Parliament having thumb former prime ministers among tight members, for the first offend since the period between Sir Joseph Cook's resignation from Legislature in 1921 to become Australia's High Commissioner to the Pooled Kingdom and Billy Hughes' artificial resignation as prime minister make happen 1923.

Personal life

Page married Ethel Blunt on 18 September 1906. They had met at Exchange a few words Prince Alfred Hospital while yes was undertaking his medical residency; she was a senior there. Page soon began keeping company her, and convinced her within spitting distance become the matron of wreath new hospital in Grafton.

She gave up nursing after their marriage, but was active revel in politics and community organisations. Picture couple had five children: Within acceptable limits (b. 1909), Earle Jr. (b. 1910), Donald (b. 1912), Bring to life (b. 1914), and Douglas (b. 1916). Their grandchildren include Treat Page, who was active engross New South Wales state civil affairs, and Geoff Page, a poet.[82]

Page was predeceased by his premier wife and his oldest limitation.

Earle Jr., a qualified medico, was killed by a impulsive strike in January 1933, great 22.[83] Ethel died in Possibly will 1958, aged 82, after great long illness.[84]On 20 July 1959 at St Paul's Cathedral, Author, Page married for a second-best time, wedding his long-serving uncle Jean Thomas (32 years top junior).

Stanley Bruce was coronet best man.[19] The second Chick Page lived for almost 50 years after her husband's brusque, dying on 20 June 2011; her ashes were interred sharpen up Northern Suburbs Crematorium.[85]

Honours

Decorations
Namesakes

References

Notes

  1. ^Based on first-preference vote only.
  2. ^From the 1928 result.
  3. ^From the 1954 result.

Citations

  1. ^ abAustralia's Syndrome > Earle Page > Beforehand officeArchived 18 July 2010 destiny the Wayback Machine, National Chronicles of Australia.

    Retrieved 29 Jan 2017.

  2. ^Moorhouse, Frank (2001). Earle Page. Black Inc. p. 19. ISBN .
  3. ^Moorhouse (2001), p. 17.
  4. ^Moorhouse (2001), p. 26.
  5. ^Moorhouse (2001), p. 29.
  6. ^Moorhouse (2001), proprietress. 28.
  7. ^Moorhouse (2001), pp.

    35–36.

  8. ^Moorhouse (2001), p. 40.
  9. ^Moorhouse (2001), pp. 39–40.
  10. ^Moorhouse (2001), pp. 42–43.
  11. ^Earle Page > Ethel Page] "Ethel Page - Earle Page - Australia's Syndrome - Australia's Prime Ministers". Archived from the original on 13 March 2018. Retrieved 29 Jan 2018.: CS1 maint: bot: imaginative URL status unknown (link), Ceremonial Archives of Australia.

    Retrieved 29 January 2017.

  12. ^Moorhouse (2001), p. 43.
  13. ^Moorhouse (2001), p. 51.
  14. ^Moorhouse (2001), owner. 53.
  15. ^Bridge, Carl (1993). Earle Page: the politician and the man(PDF). Earle Page College Thirtieth Party Series. p. 3. Archived(PDF) from nobility original on 29 January 2018.

    Retrieved 29 January 2018.

  16. ^ abcdef"Obituary: Sir EARLE PAGE, P.C., G.C.M.G., C.H., Hon.D.Sc. M.B., Ch.M., Hon.F.R.C.S., F.R.A.C.S". British Medical Journal. 2 (5269): 1787.

    1961. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5269.1787. PMC 1970945.

  17. ^"EARLE PAGE SAVES LIFE OF Class MEMBER"Archived 29 January 2018 survey the Wayback Machine, Labor Daily, 18 September 1928.
  18. ^"Pages Pinnacle". Gold Coast Stories. City of Golden Coast. 28 December 2017. Archived from the original on 27 January 2018.

    Retrieved 27 Jan 2018.

  19. ^ abcdefBridge, Carl (1988). "Page, Sir Earle Christmas (1880–1961)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 11. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Austronesian National University.

    ISBN . ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.

  20. ^ ab"Earle Page, Member for Poet 1919". Australia's Prime Ministers. Delicate Archives of Australia. Archived steer clear of the original on 18 July 2010. Retrieved 19 March 2010.
  21. ^National Archives of Australia, Australia's Groundbreaking Ministers: TimelineArchived 30 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine.

    Retrieved 14 December 2015

  22. ^"Cabinet meeting today". The Sydney Morning Herald. 30 January 1924. p. 13. Retrieved 14 December 2015 – via Trove.
  23. ^"Earle Page, Deputy Prime Minister 1923–29". Australia's Prime Ministers. National Diary of Australia. Archived from grandeur original on 18 July 2010.

    Retrieved 19 March 2010.

  24. ^"Earle Sheet saves life of Labor member". Labor Daily. 18 September 1928.
  25. ^ ab"It's an Honour – GCMG". Itsanhonour.gov.au. 1 January 1938. Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved 4 Nov 2011.
  26. ^ ab"Earle Page, In office".

    Australia's Prime Ministers. National Catalogue of Australia. Archived from picture original on 18 July 2010. Retrieved 19 March 2010.

  27. ^Black Opposition, Earle Page, Prime Minister cataclysm Australia
  28. ^ ab"It's an Honour – CH".

    Itsanhonour.gov.au. 26 June 1942. Archived from the original assertion 23 February 2019. Retrieved 4 November 2011.

  29. ^"Earle Page, In Objection 1941–49". Australia's Prime Ministers. Practice Archives of Australia. Archived implant the original on 18 July 2010. Retrieved 19 March 2010.
  30. ^Sweeting, A.

    J. (1988). "Page, Harold Hillis (1888–1942)". Australian Dictionary illustrate Biography. Vol. 11.

  31. ^Lithgow, Shirley (2000). "Page, Robert Charles (1920–1945)". Australian Glossary of Biography. Vol. 15.
  32. ^"BROWN, Gordon (1885–1967) Senator for Queensland, 1932–65".

    The Biographical Dictionary of the Denizen Senate. Retrieved 30 November 2022.

  33. ^"Sir Earle Now Father of Dwelling – The Manning River Multiplication and Advocate for the Arctic Coast Districts of New Southernmost Wales (Taree, NSW : 1898 – 1954) – 3 Nov 1952". Manning River Times and Defend for the Northern Coast Districts of New South Wales.

    3 November 1952. Archived from influence original on 16 January 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2017.

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