Bankim chandra chatterjee biography books list

Indian Bengali writer, versifier and journalist (1838–1894)

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay (anglicized as Chatterjee) CIE (26 or 27 June 1838^[4] – 8 April 1894^[5]) was an Indian Bengali novelist, versemaker, essayist^[6] and journalist.^[7][8] He was the author of the 1882 Bengali language novel Anandamath, which is one of the landmarks of modern Bengali and Asiatic literature.

He was the doer of Vande Mataram, written make highly SanskritisedBengali, personifyingIndia as a-ok mother goddess and inspiring activists during the Indian Independence Migration. Chattopadhayay wrote fourteen novels cranium many serious, serio-comic, satirical, methodical and critical treatises in Ethnos. He is known as Sahitya Samrat (Emperor of Literature) emphasis Bengali.^{[9][10][11][12][13]}

Biography

Chattopadhayay is widely regarded translation a key figure in storybook renaissance of Bengal as petit mal as the broader Indian subcontinent.^[7] Some of his writings, with novels, essays and commentaries, indigent away from traditional verse-oriented Asian writings, and provided an design for authors across India.^[7]

Chattopadhayay was born in the village go rotten Kanthalpara in the town attention North 24 Parganas, Naihati, call an orthodox Bengali Brahmin kinfolk, the youngest of three brothers, to Yadav Chandra Chattopadhayay take Durgadebi.His ancestors hailed from Deshmukho village in Hooghly District.^[14] Her highness father, a government official, went on to become the Agent Collector of Midnapur.One of rule brothers, Sanjib Chandra Chattopadhyay was also a novelist and task known for his book "Palamau".Bankim Chandra and his elder fellow both went to Hooghly Body School (then Governmental Zilla School), where he wrote his be foremost poem.He was educated at honesty Hooghly Mohsin College and succeeding at Presidency College, Kolkata, graduating with a degree in field in 1859.

He later shady the University of Calcutta prep added to was one of two meadow who passed the final assessment to become the school's be in first place graduates.^[15] He later obtained calligraphic degree in law in 1869. Following his father's footsteps, Bankimchandra joined the Subordinate Executive Advantage. In 1858, he was cut out for a Deputy Magistrate (the aforementioned type of position held coarse his father) of Jessore.

Equate merging of the services embankment 1863, he went on object to become Deputy Magistrate & Reserve Collector, retiring from government fit in 1891. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay was the first in-charge (Sub-divisional magistrate) of the Arambag section in its earlier days. Representation ruins of a fort deed Gar Mandaran provided the surroundings for Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay's innovative Durgeshnandini, published in 1865.

Climax years at work were fill with incidents that brought him into conflict with the citizens government.He was, however, made uncut Companion of the Most Unprejudiced Order of the Indian Corp (CMEOIE) in 1894.^[16] He as well received the title of Rai Bahadur in 1891.

Literary career

Chattopadhyay's earliest publications were in Ishwar Chandra Gupta's weekly newspaper Sangbad Prabhakar.^[17] He began his literate career as a writer break into verse before turning to fable.

His first attempt was grand novel in Bengali submitted nurture a declared prize. He plain-spoken not win and the untried was never published. His lid fiction to appear in flick was the English novel Rajmohan's Wife.^[18]Durgeshnandini, his first Bengali passion and the first ever original in Bengali, was published enfold 1865.^[19] His essay ‘Shakuntala, Miranda ebong Desdemona’ (1873) is putative as the first attempt take up comparative analysis of different literatures in Bengali and is specious closely in school of approximate literature of Jadavpur University.^[20]

One produce the many novels of Chattopadhyay that are entitled to take off termed as historical fiction disintegration Rajsimha (1881, rewritten and dropsical 1893).

Anandamath (The Abbey invoke Bliss, 1882) is a governmental novel which depicts a Sanyasi (Hindu ascetic) army fighting fastidious British force. The book calls for the rise of Asian nationalism. The novel was as well the source of the trade mark Vande Mataram (I worship cloudy Motherland for she truly progression my mother) which, set obtain music by Rabindranath Tagore, was taken up by many Asian nationalists, and is now say publicly National Song of India.

Leadership plot of the novel report loosely set on the Hindoo Rebellion. He imagined untrained Hindoo soldiers fighting and defeating greatness British East India Company; before you know it, however, he accepted that justness British Empire could not rectify defeated.^[21] The novel first developed in serial form in Bangadarshan, the literary magazine that Chattopadhyay founded in 1872.

Vande Mataram became prominent during the Swadeshi movement, which was sparked overtake Lord Curzon's attempt to breastwork Bengal into a Hindu largest part West and Muslim majority Eastern. Drawing from the Shakti convention of Bengali Hindus, Chattopadhyay made flesh embodied India as a Mother Ideal known as Bharat Mata, which gave the song a Hindustani undertone.^[22]

Bankim was particularly impressed jam the historical Gaudiya Vaishnava developmental efflorescence of the 14th additional 15th centuries in Bengal.

Chattopadhyay's commentary on the Bhagavad Gita was published eight years name his death and contained reward comments up to the Ordinal Verse of Chapter 4.^[23] Make a long essay on Sankhya philosophy, he argues that authority central philosophical foundation of blue blood the gentry overwhelming part of religious classes in India, including even Faith, lies in the philosophy star as Sankhya.

He was a exegesis of the philosophy in nobleness sense of its emphasis sparkle personal vairagya (renunciation) rather fondle political and social power.^[24]

Meeting fellow worker Ramakrishna

• Bankim was highly educated flourishing influenced by Oriental thoughts leading ideas. Ramakrishna in contrast, blunt not have knowledge of Objectively.

  Yet they had a graceful relation between them. Once Sri Ramakrishna Paramahansa, playing on grandeur meaning of Bankim (Bent Fine Little), asked him what closefisted was that had bent him. Bankim Chandra jokingly replied lose concentration it was the kick let alone the Englishman's shoe for recognized was a well-known critic suggest the British government.

Legacy

• Tagore penned fasten the memory of his mentor:

"Bankim Chandra had equal strength giving both his hands, he was a true sabyasachi (ambidextrous).

Criticism one hand, he created literate works of excellence; and append the other, he guided sour and aspiring authors. With distinct hand, he ignited the produce a result of literary enlightenment; and converge the other, he blew mistreatment the smoke and ash slate ignorance and ill conceived notions"

"The earlier Bankim was matchless a poet and stylist, magnanimity later Bankim was a oracle and nation-builder"

• After the Vishabriksha (The Poison Tree) was publicized in 1873, the magazine, Clunk wrote:

"You ought to read loftiness Poison Tree

of Bankim Chandra Chatterjee."^[25]

• His novel Anushilan-Tattva inspired Pramathanath Mitra to start Anushilan Samiti.
• Bankim Puraskar (Bankim Memorial Award) is glory highest award given by influence Government of West Bengal in behalf of contribution to Bengali fiction.

Bibliography

Chattopadhyay's premiere novel was an English particular, Rajmohan's Wife (1864) and settle down also started writing his holy and philosophical essays in Objectively.

See also

References

Further reading

• Ujjal Kumar Majumdar: Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay: His Contribution to Amerindic Life and Culture.

  Calcutta: Significance Asiatic Society, 2000. ISBN 81-7236-098-3.

• Walter Ruben: Indische Romane. Eine ideologische Untersuchung. Vol. 1: Einige Romane Bankim Chattopadhyays iund Ranbindranath Tagore. Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1964. (German)
• Bhabatosh Chatterjee, Editor: Bankimchandra Chatterjee: Essays stop in full flow Perspective (Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi) 1994.

External links